Indicators of sustainable production: framework and methodology

This paper presents a new tool for promoting business sustainability — indicators of sustainable production. It first introduces the concept of sustainable production as defined by the Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, University of Massachusetts Lowell. Indicators of sustainable production are discussed next, including their dimensions and desirable qualities. Based on the Lowell Center Indicator Framework, the authors suggest a new methodology of core and supplemental indicators for raising companies' awareness and measuring their progress toward sustainable production systems. Twenty-two core indicators are proposed and a detailed guidance for their application is included. An eight-step model provides a context for indicator implementation. The paper concludes with a summary of the strengths and weaknesses of the methodology as well as recommendations for testing the indicators.     

Cobalt in alluvial Egyptian soils as affected by industrial activities

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Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

热液中金的沉淀机理研究综述

金的沉淀机理是了解热液金矿床成矿机制的关键。本文总结了金从热液中沉淀机理的最新研究成果，介绍了各种主要含金配合物的溶解度拨制机制，阐述了矿物表面吸附／还原以及电化学富集等矿物表面作用对金沉淀行为的制约。     

石英表面配合物与溶解动力学模型

阐述了石英表面配合物和溶解动力学机理之间的关系，指出了石英的反应性主要受负电性表面物种的控制，从而导致电解质、离子强度、pH等因素对石英溶解的催化效应．溶解达率的提高与反应活化能的降低成活化熵的增大有关。最后，介绍了在过渡态理论和表面反应模型基础上建立的石英溶解速率方程。     

大连湾沉积物中PAHs的初步研究

对采集大连湾附近海域的沉积物中多环芳烃（PAHs)进行了定性和定量分析，并探讨了其在沉积物中的分布特征。大连湾表层沉积物中PAHs含量的变化范围为32．70－3558．88ng/g，平均值1152．08ng/g。大连湾表层沉积物中PAHs以油类污染为主。其含量分布，大连港附近海域最高，东北部靠近大连湾煤码头航道测站次之，由西北和东北向南逐步递减，呈现出明显的两点污染源特征。     

渤海海冰Modis影像中"伪海冰像元"消除方法的探讨

"伪海冰像元"对渤海海冰范围分布信息的提取产生影响,消除伪海冰像元需要得到一些传感器、大气状况等参数,但往往很难全部得到满足.本文研究了在不知道传感器、大气状况等参数的条件下,通过对数字影像进行实验分析,提取传感器、大气状况引起的脉冲响应函数,并利用该函数结合频域逆滤波和维纳滤波器求解消除非理想脉冲响应的反卷积函数,在空域利用反卷积函数对图像进行逆处理的"伪海冰像元"消除方法.试验结果表明,该方法能够达到降低"伪海冰像元"与其邻域海水像元之间分离度的目的,从而较好的在渤海海区Modis影像中实现分离出"伪海冰像元"的效果.     

铜铁矿井下采掘工程的环境影响及生态保护

对铜铁矿井下采掘工程产生的环境影响进行了分析，外排井下涌水下的铜可对鱼类养殖业水体的地表水质带来不利影响，采用帷幕注浆堵水工艺可防止大面积地表塌陷的发生，对难以避免的局部，小规模塌陷提出了生态安全的预警措施。     

砷在金属氧化物/水界面上的吸附机制Ⅱ.电荷分布多位络合模型模拟

利用电位滴定表征了铁铈氧化物(Fe-Ce)的表面电荷特性,并使用电荷分布多位络合模型(CD MUSIC)进行了模拟,得到Fe-Ce材料的表面位质子结合常数为5.8,位密度为23.2个·nm-2,高于大多数铁氧化物的表面位密度.在Fe-Ce表面特性参数的基础上,进一步使用CDMUSIC模型对系列pH(5～9)下As(Ⅴ)在Fe-Ce表面的等温吸附实验进行了模拟.结果表明,单齿单核单质子化形态≡FeOAsO3H1.5-和双齿双核非质子化形态≡Fe2O2AsO22-共存于吸附后的Fe-Ce表面,它们的结合常数分别为31.5和34.2,电荷分布值(f)分别为0.25和0.50.使用以上模型参数,对pH 3.5～10.5范围内2种表面络合形态分布趋势进行了预测.结果表明,在偏酸性条件下,≡ FeOAsO3H1.5-形态占主导;而≡Fe2O2AsO22-形态主要存在于偏碱性的范围.     

动态斜面(DIP)式溢油回收技术

:JBF环境技术公司生产的高效溢油回收设备的成功之处来自于独特的动态斜面的技术。可连续移动的皮带 (斜面 )可以产生水动力路径 ,可以迫使遭遇到斜面的油随之流动。因此 ,JBF设计生产的收油系统能以最高的效率在最大可能的操作环境下回收水面的各种油类。